Tetralogy of Fallot is one of the rare disorder which is caused by the defects occur in a combination of four heart which is present at birth. These type of defect attack the heart and affect the structure of the heart. It is also caused by the poor blood supply to the heart and to the rest of the body. In the case with kids and children with tetralogy of Fallot, they take birth with blue-tinged skin because of lack of oxygen in their blood. Tetralogy of Fallot needs to be diagnosed and treated during infancy or soon after. However, tetralogy of Fallot might not be diagnosed later in life in some adults, or it may depend upon the size of the defects and symptoms.
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a kind of disorder that affects the heart into four combinations which commonly occur together. The four defects are:
Ventricular septal deformity (VSD)
Overriding aorta − the aortic valve is amplified and seems to emerge from both the left and right ventricles rather than the left ventricle as in typical hearts
Pulmonary stenosis − narrowing of the aspiratory valve and zone underneath the valve that makes an blockage of bloodstream from the correct ventricle to the Pulmonary supply route
Right ventricular hypertrophy − thickening of the strong dividers of the correct ventricle, which happens on the grounds that the correct ventricle is siphoning at high weight.
Causes of tetralogy of Fallot:
Here are two most affecting cause of tetralogy of Fallot in kids: –
Pulmonary valve stenosis. Pulmonary valve stenosis is a narrowing of the aspiratory valve — the valve that isolates the lower right assembly of the heart (right ventricle) from the fundamental vein prompting the lungs (aspiratory conduit).
Narrowing of the Pulmonary valve lessens bloodstream to the lungs. The narrowing may likewise influence the muscle underneath the pneumonic valve. In some serious cases, the pneumonic valve doesn’t frame appropriately (aspiratory atresia) and causes decreased bloodstream to the lungs.
Ventricular septal disorder. A ventricular septal deformity is an opening in the divider (septum) that isolates the two lower councils of the heart — the left and right ventricles. The opening permits deoxygenated blood in the correct ventricle — blood that has coursed through the body and is coming back to the lungs to recharge its oxygen supply — to stream into the left ventricle and blend with oxygenated blood straight from the lungs.
Blood from the left ventricle likewise streams back to the correct ventricle in a wasteful way. This capacity for blood to course through the ventricular septal imperfection diminishes the supply of oxygenated blood to the body and in the end, can debilitate the heart.
Symptoms Tetralogy of Fallot: –
The symptoms of Tetralogy of Fallot are highly depended upon the blood flow out of the right ventricle and into the lungs. Signs and symptoms may include:
• Skin color may get blue because of the lack of blood flow in the skin caused by blood low in oxygen.
• If your kid has this disorder then you can notice breath shortness and rapid breathing, especially during any type of activities such as feeding or exercise.
• Loss of consciousness
• The imperfect shape of fingers and toes — an abnormal, rounded shape of the nail bed
• It is possible to have an issue with the weight gain
• Easily tired up while playing or exercise
• Irritability
• Prolonged crying
• Murmur sound in the heart.
Treatment of Tetralogy of Fallot: –
Yet, according to all the specialist surgery is the only effective way to cure tetralogy of Fallot. In the surgical process, there is some option which based on the patient condition such as intracardiac repair or a temporary procedure. In most of the cases of babies and older children, doc prefers intracardiac repair.
Doctors will determine the best and suitable surgery which is based on the condition and health of your baby. First, the doc may give some medicine to your baby to keep a gap between two large blood vessels in the heart which can help to maintain blood flow from the heart to the lungs before intracardiac repair.
Click to know more about Tetralogy of Fallot treatment in Delhi.
Tetralogy of Fallot life expectancy with surgery: –
As per the latest reports since a few years, it was concluded that children affected with tetralogy of Fallot getting improved by surgery over recent decades. According to the latest report, even approx 95 percent of an affected kid with tetralogy of Fallot successfully goes through the surgery in the first year of life.
However, in some cases, surgical treatment is not easy because of pulmonary arteries which are critically small. As a result, it was seen that kids get sick for a few days after the successful surgery; this surgery affects the ventricle of baby’s heart which makes the muscle temporarily weaker.
